On the microwave millisecond spike emission and its associated phenomena during the impulsive phase of large solar flare

We propose a model of two acceleration regions, which can explain, on the basis of microwave maser caused by a “hollow-beam” distribution of electrons, the presence of millisecond spikes in the event of 1981 May 16 and their absence in the event of 1981 October 12, and the enhanced continuous emission in the latter. We have also uncovered relations among the features, e.g. the Type III_G, Type IV_DCIM and hard x-ray bursts, that accompany the microwave millisecond spikes during the impulsive phase of a large flare.     

Studies on color type variants from mutagenized protoplasts ofPorphyra haitanensis Chang et Zheng &P. Yezoensis ueda (rhodophycease)

Isolated protoplasts from thalli ofPorphyra haitanensis andPorphyra yezoensis were treated with colchicine or irradiated by ultraviolet (UV). Several types of color variants were observed among the protoplast offspring. After treatment with colchicine: (1) 0.04–0.09% of red type variants inP. haitanensis were obtained; (2) The rate of red type variants and the variegated chimeral thalli composed of red type and wild type of sectors were 0.31–1.11% inP. yezoensis. After irradiation with UV: (1) 3.5–10.5% of red type variants inP. yezoensis were obtained: (2) 0.5–2.0% of red type variants and the variegated chimeral thalli composed of red type and wild type of sectors were obtained inP. haitanensis. Colchicine and UV’s mutangenic effects onP. yezoensis protoplasts were stronger than those onP. haitanensis protoplasts. The most efficient concentration of colchicine was 0.05%. The optimal length of UV-radiation was 1/2 min (radiation distance 5 cm). The red type variants induced by colchicine treatment grew faster than the wild type thalli. The clones of vegetative propagation from protoplasts of red type variants were still red type thalli. The red type variants will be good materials for genetic studies and improvement ofPorphyra strains.     

矢量数据栅格化的一种有效方法——环绕数法

矢量数据栅格化是GIS数据处理的一项重要任务。目前,已存在多种栅格化方法,但是每种方法都有各自的局限性。本文首次提出了环绕数法,它基于计算几何转角理论,通过计算跨越数来确定环绕数,是一种简单、高效、易于实现的栅格化方法。应用环绕数法,不但可以完成简单多边形的栅格化,而且可以完成自交多边形的栅格化。     

Isolation and pharmacological activities of bromophenols from Rhodomela confervoides

Four bromophenols were isolated from the extract of marine red alga,Rhodomela confervoides by column chromatography and HPLC methods. By means of spectroscopic methods inclding IR, MS, 1D, and 2D-NMR techniques, their structures were elucidated as (1) 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid methyl ester; (2) bis (2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether; (3) 3,4-dibromo-5-(methoxymethyl)-1,2-benzenediol and (4) 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxy-benzaldehyde. Compound 1 was first isolated from the algae in nature, and 1, 4 were found to have selective cytotoxic activities against KB, Bel 7402 and A549 cells, 2 showed powerful antibacterial activities againstStaphylococcus aurens andPseudomonas aeruginosa. Supported by National “863” Program (No. 2004AA625030, 2001AA620503), Quingdao marine sciences project (No. 04-2-NN-26) and Key Knowledge Innovative Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX3-SW-215).     

EFFECT OF SULPHATE-REDUCING BACTERIA ON ELECTRO-CHEMICAL CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF 16Mn STEEL IN SEA MUD

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｔｗａｓｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｐｒｅｖｉｏｕｓｌｙｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｏｆｓｔｅｅｌｉｎｓｅａｍｕｄｗａｓｎｏｔｓｅｒｉｏｕｓ.Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｉｔｗａｓｌａｔｅｒｆｏｕｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｒａｔｅｏｆｓｔｅｅｌｉｎｓｏｍｅｓｅａｍｕｄｗａｓｈｉｇｈｅｒｔｈａｎｔｈａｔｉｎｓｅａｗａｔｅｒ(Ｋｉｎｇ,1980;Ｓｅｈｍｉｄｅ,1982;Ｇｕｏｅｔａｌ.,1997;Ｈｏｕ,1998).Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｓｏｍｅｒｅｐｏｒｔｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｏｓｉｏｎｒ…     

山东省1∶20万水文地质数据库建设的主要内容及开发应用设想

山东省1∶20万空间数据库结合山东省区域水文地质特点,共建立了27个图层,完成12个图幅的建库工作。通过该项工作,为今后进行空间分析和应用研究打下了基础,并为数字水文地质图空间数据库的建设积累了丰富的经验。     

On the influence of magnetic fields on level populations

The influence of magnetic fields on the energy level populations of atoms is firstly studied by analysing the Stokes profiles of Fe  i 6302.5 forming in the solar magnetized atmosphere, with the aid of a departure factor defined to evaluate the deviation from the normal Boltzmann distribution without a magnetic field. This factor is directly related to the ratio of line-source function to the continuum one. The relationship between the departure and the magnetic field reveals an effect that the magnetic field induces an exponential increase in the level population of the lower level of Fe  i 6302.5 (Landé factor   g = 2.5  ) with the field strength. This indicates that the magnetic field can cause the redistribution of populations of those levels whose Landé factors are non-zero. Therefore, this effect should be included in the calculation of the statistical equilibrium. Secondly, an experiment utilizing the Hg5461 line in the laboratory on the Earth is carried out to reveal that the exponential relation is independent of variations in temperature, and the excitation is completely magneto-induced. Finally, the exponential relation is explained by taking account of the magnetic energy in the Boltzmann distribution.     

SOHM-4与MHM-2010氢原子频标的特点比较

基于对已投入国家授时中心守时运转的SOHM-4型与MHM-2010型氢原子频标的长期关注,对这两种氢原子频标的性能作了较详细的比较和分析。讨论了它们共同的优点、各自的特长和不足之处,还给出了稳定度的测试结果。     

利用降水平均递增率求山地最大降水高度

本文引入降水平均递增率的概念,改进了文献中的计算方法,可以一次求出山地降水量与海拔的经验关系式中全部参数的最佳值,其中包括山地最大降水高度。并用实例说明了本法的步骤及特点。     

Distinct climate change synchronous with Heinrich event one, recorded by stable oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions in stalagmites from China

Uranium-series dating of oxygen and carbon isotope records for stalagmite SJ3 collected in Songjia Cave, central China, shows significant variation in past climate and environment during the period 20-10 ka. Stalagmite SJ3 is located more than 1000 km inland of the coastal Hulu Cave in East China and more than 700 km north of the Dongge Cave in Southwest China and, despite minor differences, displays a clear first-order similarity with the Hulu and Dongge records. The coldest climatic phase since the Last Glacial Maximum, which is associated with the Heinrich Event 1 in the North Atlantic region, was clearly recorded in SJ3 between 17.6 and 14.5 ka, in good agreement in timing, duration and extent with the records from Hulu and Dongge caves and the Greenland ice core. The results indicate that there have been synchronous and significant climatic changes across monsoonal China and strong teleconnections between the North Atlantic and East Asia regions during the period 20-10 ka. This is much different from the Holocene Optimum which shows a time shift of more than several thousands years from southeast coastal to inland China. It is likely that temperature change at northern high latitudes during glacial periods exerts stronger influence on the Asian summer monsoon relative to insolation and appears to be capable of perturbing large-scale atmospheric/oceanic circulation patterns in the Northern Hemisphere and thus monsoonal rainfall and paleovegetation in East Asia. Climatic signals in the North Atlantic region propagate rapidly to East Asia during glacial periods by influencing the winter land-sea temperature contrast in the East Asian monsoon region.